ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ
ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ (Hypnose) d yiwen n ufus n uselmed n ussaɣ n tɣellist i yettmuddu ɣef usiwel n yimudda n ufukan d wakken i yettwaseqdac i wakken ad yili umdan deg yiwet n tɣellist tamesnazɣalt, tiseddi, tufrina, akken i t-yessefk ad yili d ameɣrad n wuguren n tɣellist neɣ n tmeddurt.
Asegzawal
ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ d yiwen n waddad n uselmed i yessexdamen tineɣrufin n usiwel i wakken ad d-yawi «tameɣra n tɣellist» tameẓyant. Deg tmeɣra-agi, umdan yezmer ad yili yesɛa tazmert n uɣbalu yufraren, ad yeqbel isumar imaynuten, ad yesseɣti tineɣrufin i yellan sdat n tɣellist tayadrut. Maca, ur d-tettili ara d targit. Ɣef tidet, d yiwen n waddad anelmad i yettwaseqdacen sɣur imsasa (hypnothérapeutes) i wakken ad mmestnen aselmed n wuguren n tɣellist, n tmeddurt, neɣ i wakken ad ssens imuɣna n wemkan.
Amezruy
Amzruy amatu
Amezruy n tesnunt yebda-d seg tmezgida n tɣennatin n yimdanen. Aṭas n tdukliwin timaziɣin deg Tmazɣa, am wid yellan deg At Yiraten, At Mzab, neɣ deg tlemmast n Lezzayer, llan sɛan tineɣrufin n uselmed n tɣellist i wakken ad sseɣlin imuɣna, ad sseɣbiren tiyita, neɣ ad ffɣen seg teɣzi. Llan sɛan daɣen tineɣrufin i yettwassnen s yisem n «ⴰⵍⵍⴰⵍ» neɣ «ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵉ» i wakken ad d-awin tifrat deg tɣellist n yemdanen.
Deg umaḍal amatu, tettwassen hypnose deg tmezgida n Yibṛanen, n Iɣricen, n Masriyen imezwura. Imasiḥiyen n lqern wis kṛaḍ yesɛan daɣen tineɣrufin n uselmed i yettwassnen s yisem n «temɣra n yirgazen».
Amezruy aḥerṣi
Deg lqern wis 18, Franz Mesmer, ajṛamani, yefka-d tazwara i tmusni n «magnétisme animal». Maca, ccaɛban n James Braid, asegsas n Uksṭṛalya deg lqern wis 19, i d-yefkan azal n «hypnose» s yisem-agi. Yella daɣen Jean-Martin Charcot i yesseqdac hypnose i uselmed n tɣawsiwin timensayin.
Deg Lezzayer, tikkelt tamezwarut i yettwaseqdac hypnose s tmusni tamesnazɣalt tebda-d srid deg lqern wis 20, maca tella teḥkem-tt daɣen tɣuri n tmeddurt tadelsant, am taseɣtit n yisebtar.
Anawen
ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ ur d-tettwaṭṭef ara d yiwen n waddad. Lluḥ deg-s:
- ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ n uselmed (Hypnothérapie): D netta i yettwaseqdacen aṭas. Yettwasumer sɣur imsasa i uselmed n wuguren am ssxev, leqḥal, tiggdi, tɣawsa n tɣellist, akked wiyaḍ.
- ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ tamesnazɣalt/tafelsaft (Hypnose académique): I yettwaseqdacen deg tesɣelmiyin neɣ deg usligen i uselmed n tɣuri n tɣellist.
- ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ tufrint (Hypnose de spectacle): Ayen i d-ttaran deg tiliẓri neɣ deg tvidyut. Ur sɛi ara isumar n uselmed, d tafrant kan.
- ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ tineɣrufin tusrigin (Auto-hypnose): Amdan ad yismid ɣef yiman-is akken ad yekcem ɣer tɣellist n tesnunt. Yettwaseqdac i wakken ad yesnerni tazmert n uɣbalu, ad yesseɣti leqḥal, neɣ i wakken ad yesseɣti tiyita.
Tineɣrufin timusnawin
Aṭas n tineɣrufin timusnawin i d-yettwaseqdacen i wakken ad ttemlilen tesnunt d ayen yettwassen. Tineɣrufin n MRI (Imagerie par résonance magnétique) sseqdacent i wakken ad d-banent amahil n yimuɣna deg yimudda n ufukan deg tmeɣra n tesnunt. Ɣef tidet, tettwassent dakken tɣellist n tesnunt ur d-tettili ara d targit, d acu kan, d asnifel n wugmar n yimuɣna.
Deg Lezzayer, llant kra n tneɣrufin i d-yexdem ⵓⵣⵉⵜ ⴰⴳ ⵓⵍⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵏⵜ (Université d'Alger) ɣef tesnunt akked tneɣrufin-ines ɣef tɣellist, maca ur nitni ara i d-ittunefken s tɣẓint.
Asqeddec
ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ tesɛa aṭas n yisumar deg tmeddurt n wass:
- Aselmed n tɣellist: Aselmed n ssxev, leqḥal, tɣawsa, akked wuguren n tɣellist nniḍen.
- Aselmed n tiyita: I wakken ad yesnerni tazmert n umdan ad yeqbel tiyita deg tseɣtit, am tigawt, taseɣtit n yisulan, neɣ taseɣtit n waddad.
- Aselmed n tɣawsa n tmeddurt: Akken ad yesseɣti tɣawsa n tɣellist, ad yesnerni timellalin, ad yesseɣti tiggdi.
- Aselmed n wuguren n tmeddurt: Am akken ad yesseɣti ttuẓẓma n tɣawsa, ad yesseɣti ttuẓẓma n tɣellist, neɣ ad yesseɣti wuguren n tmeddurt am ttuẓẓma n tɣellist.
- ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵓⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⴰⵍ (Hypnose de régression): I wakken ad d-awin tineɣrufin seg tmezgida i wakken ad ttwassinent wuguren n tɣellist i yellan sdat n tɣellist tayadrut.
Addud n yilɣa deg Lezzayer
Deg Lezzayer, tesnunt ur teɛni ara azal n tmusni tamesnazɣalt s tɣẓint. Ur llin ara yettwassnen isumar n yilɣa i yettwassnen s yisem n «hypnothérapie». Maca, ur tettwaḥder ara. Aṭas n yimsasa i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid, maca s umata, ur sɛin ara azal n yilɣa am yiksilen n taseɣtit.
Taseɣtit n tɣellist (Psychologie) deg Lezzayer tebda kan tettwali tesnunt d yiwen n waddad n uselmed, maca ur tettuseqdac ara s tɣẓint. Aṭas n yiksilen n taseɣtit n tɣellist i yettwassnen deg tmurt n Lezzayer ur sɛin ara tmusni s tesnunt.
Tineɣrufin timagit
Deg tmurt n Lezzayer, tesnunt tettwaṭṭef s wazal n «Ṭṭṭab n yemṣaḥen» neɣ d «tineɣrufin n yemṣaḥen» sɣur aṭas n yemdanen. Aṭas n yemdanen i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid ur tt-ṭṭafen ara d ayen yettwassen, d acu kan, d tafrant neɣ d ṭṭab n yemṣaḥen.
Maca, s umata, tettwaṭṭef s wazal n waddad n uselmed sɣur wid i yessnen azal-is. Aṭas n yemdanen i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid ur sɛin ara tmusni s tesnunt, d acu kan, tettwaṭṭef s wazal n tafrant.
Imesnudyen n Lezzayer
Aṭas n yemdanen i yettwassnen deg tmurt n Lezzayer i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt:
- ⵃⴰⵎⵉⵅ ⵍⵓⵙⵉⵏⵉ (Hamid Lousine): Ajṛamani n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid. Yella d amesnuder n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer.
- ⵏⵓⵔⵉⵢⵉ ⵍⵉⵎⴰⵎ (Nouriya Limam): Tamesnudt n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid. Tella d tamesnudt n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer.
- ⵍⵃⴰⵛⵎⵉ ⴱⵓⵍⵄⵔⵕⴰⵊ (Lḥašemi Boulaɛṛṛaǧ): Amsasa n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer i yettmeslayen ɣef tesnunt srid. Yella d amesnuder n tɣellist i yettwassen deg tmurt n Lezzayer.